B Lind 3 D M Odel W Atermarking Based on M Ulti -
نویسندگان
چکیده
Insertion of a text message, audio data or/and an image into another image or 3D model is called as a watermarking process. Watermarking has variety of applications like: Copyright Protection, Owner Identification, Copy Protection and Data Hiding etc., depending upon the type of watermark insertion algorithm. Watermark remains in the content after applying various attacks without any distortions. The blind watermarking method used in the system is based on a wavelet transform, a fuzzy inference system and a multi-resolution representation (MRR) of the 3d model. The watermark scrambled by Arnold Transform is embedded in the wavelet coefficients at third resolution level of the MRR. Fuzzy logic approach used in the method makes it to approximate the best possible gain with an accurate scaling factor so that the watermark remains invisible. The fuzzy input variables are computed for each wavelet coefficient in the 3D model. The output of the fuzzy system is a single value which is a perceptual value for each corresponding wavelet coefficient. Thus, the fuzzy perceptual mask combines all these nonlinear variables to build a simple, easy to use HVS model. Results shows that the system is robust against affine transformations, smoothing, cropping and noise attacks.
منابع مشابه
Function-Based Classification from 3D Data via Generic and Symbolic Models
W e p rop ose a nov el schem e for function-b ased classification of ob jects in 3 D im ages. The classification p rocess calls for constructing a generic m ulti-lev el hierarchical d escrip tion of ob ject classes in term s of functional com p onents. F unctionality is d eriv ed from a large set of geom etric attrib utes and relationship s b etw een ob ject p arts. Initially, the inp ut range ...
متن کاملDatabase for Accelerator Optics
The A utom ated B eam Steering and Shaping (A B S) project aim s to provide an autom atic, generic and reliable softw are system to ensure the provision of high quality particle beam s to users of an accelerator com plex. A n im portant com ponent of this project is the access to validated reference data describing the different com ponents instaled in the m achines, such as m onitors as w el a...
متن کاملHHMM Based Recognition of Human Activity Motion Trajectories in Image Sequences
A bstract In this paper, w e present a m ethod for recognition of hu m an activity as a series of actions from an im age sequ ence. T he diffi cu lty w ith the problem is that there is a chicken-egg dilem m a that each action needs to be extracted in advance for its recognition bu t the precise extraction is only possible after the action is correctly identifi ed. In order to solve this dilem m...
متن کاملA Geometric Matching Algorithm for Beam Scanning
dy. T hree-dim ensional m odel m atching f r omanu nconstrainedviewpoint. IEEE I nternat iona l Co nfe r e nce o n R o b o tic s a n dA u to m a tio n , 1 :208{220, 1 987. [20] A a ronW allack, JohnCanny, a ndDineshM anocha. O b j e ct r ecognitionandlocalizationusingoptical s ensors. (preprint, U n iversityof C alifornia, B e rkeley), 1992. [21] J eanPo nce, A nthonyHoogs, a ndD avidJ. K r ieg...
متن کاملINITIAL RAMIFICATION INDEX OF NONINVARIANT VALUATIONS ON FINITE DIMENSIONAL DIVISION ALGEBRAS
Let D be a division ring with centre K and dim, D< ? a valuation on K and v a noninvariant extension of ? to D. We define the initial ramfication index of v over ?, ?(v/ ?) .Let A be a valuation ring of o with maximal ideal m, and v , v ,…, v noninvariant extensions of w to D with valuation rings A , A ,…, A . If B= A , it is shown that the following conditions are equivalent: (i) B i...
متن کامل